Nintendo’s Video Game Revolution free essay sample

When Nintendo introduced Wii to the market it differentiated itself and opened up a new market segment of non-video gamers to the video game industry. The Wii game console was considered a success as it attracted a wide range of people from children to seniors in playing a wide variety of â€Å"physical† games through its unique game controller. As a result, due to overwhelming demand, Nintendo has been facing product shortages. It is important for Nintendo to solve the Wii production shortage issue as soon as possible because competitors such as Microsoft and Sony are just waiting to steal the businesses of unsatisfied Nintendo consumers. To deal with the current problem, Nintendo is planning a marketing strategy in order to satisfy customer’s demands and retailer’s needs. There are four alternatives being considered: Direct selling through e-commerce Provide direct global access to consumers. Access would allow consumers to purchase product at a time convenient for them and have the product shipped directly to location of choice. We will write a custom essay sample on Nintendo’s Video Game Revolution or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Pre-order incentive programs An incentive program where the consumers can pre-order the product, for which they receive discounts, and have the peace of mind that their Wii will arrive on time. Increased production and Stock up Increased Wii production and quantity purchase discounts offered to retailers as a trade-off for storing larger quantities of inventory. Status Quo Make no changes the production schedule, and hope that customer demand matches production. After considering several factors including competitors, consumer demands, the company’s capacity, as well as upcoming videogame technology, it is recommended that Nintendo should act immediately to take advantage of the current sales opportunity by increasing production in order o meet high market demand. In addition to this, they should adjust the retail price of the Wii to compete with the Xbox 360 and the PlayStation 3 which are the main competitors with Nintendo’s Wii. A detailed action plan, covering the next 9 months, is outlined in this report which allows Nintendo to solve the product shortage issue in time for the upcoming 2007 holiday season. Furthermore, a contingency plan has been developed and documented to assist Nintendo in the event the action plan does not proceed as planned. Problem Statements George Harrison, the senior vice president of marketing for Nintendo of America, is facing a challenging situation while planning the production levels for the latest home video game console, known as Wii, for the 2007 holiday season. Issues that George has to consider are: †¢Potential shortages of the Wii home video consoles for the upcoming holiday season might irritate retailers and fail to meet consumers’ demands. †¢The public might view product shortages as an intentional step taken by Nintendo to create demand. †¢Shortages may lead consumers to purchase the competitors gaming console. Company Objectives Nintendo places a high importance of customer relationships and consumer satisfaction. Nintendo’s main objective in the upcoming 2007 holiday season is to meet retailer’s and consumer’s demands of its immensely successful new product, Wii.. Further, the company would want to aim to differentiate its product, the Wii, from its competitors, Sony and Microsoft, by choosing different marketing campaign venues of focusing on product’s users. Nintendo would target other segments that include young children, parents, and senior citizens rather than 18 to 35 year-old male gamers which are the core target of Sony and Microsoft. Nintendo would want to introduce its video games â€Å"to be innovative, intuitive, and inviting† to the public. Company Background Founded in 1889 in Kyoto, Japan, Nintendo produced handmade playing cards and from there expanded into toys and games. Nintendo produced its own electronic home console in the early 1980s. The success of Nintendo’s video games including such favorites as Donkey Kong helped Nintendo expand into North America market selling video game adventures including Super Mario Brothers, The Legend of Zelda, and a sequel to Donkey Kong. The booming success of home computer technologies almost killed the home videogame industry in 1983. However, the introduction of the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) launched at that time created mass success for the company because there was no direct competition. This monopoly position did not last long; however, as competitive products such as the first PlayStation console from Sony, and the Xbox from Microsoft eventually became the gaming systems of choice, achieving a higher market share than the Nintendo Game Boy in the late 1900s. Facing tough competition, Nintendo started to focus on another path where competitors had not reached yet. Rather than attempting to outdo Sony and Microsoft in the battle for the best graphics for extreme gamers they changed their view. They decided to target people who have never played video games before, therefore carving out a new market for themselves. Thus, the Wii console was developed and was a enormous hit where the products were constantly sold out as soon as they hit the shelves and product shortages became a concern. Situation Analysis Strengths †¢The Wii target price is $249 which is the lowest price comparing to the Xbox 360 and the PlayStation 3. †¢The motion-sensing Wii controller creates a new way for people to â€Å"experience† playing games. It has no buttons at all and it can be used as different tools in different games such as a tennis racket in a tennis tournament or a baseball bat in a ball game. †¢Users can also use the Wii to access to the latest weather, news, sports, email, and other Internet services. †¢Wii users can enjoy an enormous variety of games; more than 400 game titles. The simplicity of Nintendo’s console made it manageable for software publishers to develop game software without the usual delays. The cost of a Nintendo game is around 25% to 50% lesser than that of Xbox 360 or PlayStation 3 games. †¢Nintendo has used a unique way of advertising by allowing the public to try its products to determine for themselves how fun and different the products compare to the traditional videogames in shopping malls and other venues such as the American Association of Retired Persons Annual Meeting. †¢The TV commercials focused on users rather than the game. Weaknesses †¢The Wii does not allow users to benefit from advanced online services and does not have Blueray or DVD drive for users to watch movies. †¢The graphics in Wii are not as good as the Xbox 360 and the PlayStation 3 where the graphics are significantly better. †¢Nintendo’s manufacturing department is still facing product shortages around the world. †¢Too many game titles developed by third parties which are supported on the Wii platform could lead to confusion for end-users, and this may negatively affect the chance of good game titles reaching customers. Opportunities Nintendo targets gamers, mothers, and multi-generational families. This segmentation is much bigger than the core 18-35 year-old male gamer which is the target audience of Sony and Microsoft. The extended online service (Virtual Console) has the ability to attract more customers who are willing to pay for advanced features. In addition, the potential of online advertising revenue is feasible. †¢The demand for the Wii remains high and Nintendo enjoys the largest market sharing in gaming systems Threats †¢Competitors have lowered their initial retail prices to be within the same price range as Nintendo Wii. Sony and Microsoft have also introduced new games for casual gamers such as â€Å"Scene It? † and Echochrome therefore expanding their customer base. †¢Product shortages may create a negative image for Nintendo as the public may think that Nintendo is intentionally shorting supplies to gain higher profits and increase demand. †¢Future technologies such as the Android and the IOS will begin to compete with Nintendo. †¢Mobile games are more and more popular and the price of mobile games is extremely affordable. Television related games may lead to a future games market, therefore threatening traditional games. Apple games are already becoming another strong competitor because of their low price and many choices. Market Analysis Nintendo’s market share remained strong from 2007 to 2009 when the company had about 49% market share compared to Xbox 360’s 27% and the PlayStation 3’s 24% (Appendix 1). The strong growth was mainly due to the low price range and bigger market segmentation combined with the new marketing strategy venues. However, Nintendo’s competitors, Sony and Microsoft, are aggressively competing with Nintendo by lowering their prices and introducing more games similar to the Nintendo Wii (Appendix 2). This can be a real battle field for Nintendo. Furthermore, the new trend of technologies of Android (ie. from Samsung) and IOS (ie. from Apple) is merging into the market. These technologies allow users to download games online and play them directly on their smart-phones, access the internet for interesting apps, watch online movies, and access their email anywhere and anytime. This is a real potential threat for Nintendo. These smart-phones have higher retail prices at around $400 to $600 but with the current fast pace of technology the prices are likely to go down quickly. There has been an indication of a significant increase in market share for the Android and IOS. Nintendo should consider this trend in the development of their long-term strategy. Segmentation Nintendo has capitalized on a previously mostly untouched market with their release of the Wii, bringing people who had no interest in gaming to the gaming â€Å"table† with their keen design and marketing style. We have determined four separate segments for game use as follows: †¢Video â€Å"Gamers† †¢Fun seeking family members †¢Weight conscious Wii-users †¢Saavy Seniors Video â€Å"Gamers†: These are individuals who are constantly seeking out a new video game challenges, and are always on top of the latest systems and trends. Generally, people in this category tend to be male, within the ages of 19 to 35. They utilize video games for entertainment, to compete via online gaming and in social surroundings and as a way to relieve day to day stress.. Generally they have a high level of video game usage and pride themselves with their title of â€Å"gamer† as it differentiates them in the crowd. Fun seeking family members: Members in this category can be of all ages, looking for an opportunity to spend some quality time with other family members, in an activity all members can enjoy. Generally these members are value and time conscious, are concerned about fitness and health and are regular users of the video game console as part of their weekly family time. Weight conscious Wii-users: These are specific individuals who utilize the Wii as a fitness tool for health and wellness. With the addition of the Wii â€Å"fit†, maintenance and weight loss can be achieved through regular routine use. These individuals utilize the Wii on a routine basis, are conscious of fitness and health benefits and focused on achieving a healthy life balance. Saavy Seniors: These individuals, over the age of 65, are looking for a method to stay fit, maintain their mental health all while enjoying a unique method of entertainment. Segment #1234 NameVideo â€Å"Gamers†Fun seeking family membersWeight Conscious Wii-usersSaavy Seniors Qualifying dimensions Who? 18 to 35 year old â€Å"gamers†Family members of all ages People of all ages looking for a fun weight loss and maintenance techniquePeople over the age of 65 What? Wii video game useWii video game useWii video game useWii video game use When? FrequentlyRegularly/ OccasionallyRegularlyOccasionally Where? At home, online gaming and sociallyAt homeAt homeAt home Why? To compete with other players, as a relaxation and social activity and to remain in the â€Å"mainsteam† gaming worldOpportunity to spend time with other family members doing something everyone enjoysTo lose and maintain weight, while having a good timeFor fun and relaxation, to maintain physical fitness and to maintain mental acuity. Segment size30%40%15%10% TrendsSeekers of the â€Å"latest and greatest† technology, competitive and sometimes social Fun and quality family time seeking, value and health consciousHealth and life balance conscious, open to new ideas and experiencesHealth and wellness conscious, open to new things, motivated to explore new ideas Other Determining dimensions Benefits soughtEntertainment and thrills, game differentiation and competitionValue for money, quality family time, entertainment and fitness and health benefitsFitness and health benefitsFitness and health benefits, mental and physical stimulation and entertainment Usage rateFrequentlyRegularly/ OccasionallyRegularlyOccasionally Nintendo’s Wii game system really hit the mark when they opted to change the rules of the gaming world to target users who previously did not use video games. Expanding the range from the typical 18 to 35 year old market to a range of 6 to 75 has helped to achieve this goal. Nintendo designed a system that was easy to operate for all users, not just â€Å"gamers† constantly searching for the new technology. In doing so, they caught the current market off guard, creating market share for themselves in families, seniors and people looking for different options to keep healthy and work out. Their current market caters to individuals in all walks of life, and at all ages. Rather than focusing their campaigns at the typical 9 to 24 year old male audience, Nintendo utilized a marketing campaign showing families and individuals in all areas of business, culture and family life. As such their market grew to everyone rather than the atypical video game use. Pricing is another key issue as Wii, has been priced at much lower price than its main competitors, Microsoft’s Xbox 360 and Sony’s Playstation PS3 game consoles making it more easily affordable and accessible to more people. The potential for continued growth continues to expand for Nintendo’s Wii.. Wii not only provides games, but learning opportunities, weight loss programming, and intellectual puzzles. The potential market extends from families looking for a way to spend time together, to seniors looking to keep their memories sharp. Competitive Analysis Nintendo’s main competitor’s of their Wii gaming system are Sony’s Playstation 3 (PS3) and Microsoft’s Xbox 360. As noted above, the Wii still held almost half (49%) of the market share of the gaming system market with the Xbox 360 and the PS3 almost splitting the remaining market share at 27% and 24% respectively. Initially upon the release of the PS3, which was expected to be a huge success, they were marketed at a whopping $599 each, which excluded additional games. Wii was positioned for the value conscious edge of the market with its much more affordable $249 price tag which included a variety of games. However, in response to the Wii’s massive success, both Microsoft and Sony reduced the prices of their PS3 and Xbox 360 consoles to $499 and $279 respectively in order to be more competitive. With the new Nintendo Wii packages being retailed for around $350 to $600 because of the huge demand for the product, this could decrease the edge that the Wii previously held with value pricing compared to its competitors. Sony and Microsoft’s new focus on casual gaming options such as â€Å"Scene-It† for Xbox 360 also shows their change of focus to casual gamers from their prior 9 to 24 year old male target audience increasing Nintendo’s competition in the casual gaming market. Despite these improvements, Nintendo continues to dominate the market, with continued and expanded market share through 2011 through its unique, â€Å"simplified† gaming systems focused on user experience rather than attempting to compete with the extreme graphics of the PS3 and Xbox it has carved out its own market share and redefined the video gaming experience. Competitive Analysis Brand NameBrand â€Å"Focus†Target marketCompanyPriceMarket Share (2009 – Appendix 1) Exceptional top of the line graphics, catered towards the extreme gamer at a premium price18 to 35 year old â€Å"gamers†Sony $49924% Mid-range to high range graphics, catered towards the â€Å"gamer† audience at a mid to premium pricing level18 to 35 year old â€Å"gamers†Microsoft $27927% Value pricing, lower to mid range graphics, but targeted at an â€Å"all user† audience gaming experience everyone can enjoyAll target audiences of all agesNintendo $249 (with retailers offering package from $350 to $600)49% Nintendo Wii Positioning Table: Key Factors Key Opportunities †¢Further increase of market share by extending consumers into all ages, demographics and individual walks of life through appropriate marketing campaigns and techniques †¢Future game design and software engineering to ensure unique and exciting games and consoles †¢Opportunities for further growth in the seniors and students sectors as mental stimulation and learning utilization tools Key Success Factors Production maintenance to reduce or eliminate shortages to meet customer demand †¢Competitive pricing against key competitors of Xbox 360 and Playstation 3 in order to maintain value advantage Maintaining and increasing consumer awareness of product releases and success through advertisement campaigns †¢Maintaining the market share by introducing exciting and challenging gaming products Key Uncertainties †¢Competitive reaction is unknown as Nintendo’s current competitors could release a similar â€Å"improved† version to gain market share †¢Continued consumer acceptance of the product New entrants to the market could steal Nintendo’s market share Alternatives Product shortages are a problem in the video gaming industry due to various reasons. First of all it is very difficult to precisely forecast the demand for a particular product given the very nature of this type of entertainment as new products keep coming into the market at a very fast rate. A missed sales forecast could either mean that the supply exceeds the demand and the product sits in the manufacturer’s warehouse or the demand is so high that the consumer gets frustrat ed when the product is not available anywhere. Any particular console or game may be in huge demand one month but not the next depending on the consumer’s mood. Harrison as the vice president of Marketing is in an enviable position as the demand for Wii has surpassed the company’s most optimistic sales projections. Nintendo has experienced product shortages with Wii before and Harrison does not want to make the same mistake again. Harrison knows that if product shortages continue into the 2007 holiday season, the retailers and consumers will get very discontented and this may lead to a loss of market share of the gaming industry. In order to ensure that the Nintendo does not face any product shortages the company could adopt various tactics. 1. Direct Selling In addition to selling through retailers, use web site-based e-commerce system to give direct access to customers. This would be a suitable marketing channel to target consumers who find it hard to go to the retailers to purchase the system. The direct sales channel would be accessible globally and the product would be shipped directly from the manufacturer. The consumers will be able to order the product at their own convenience and if there is a shortage, the consumer can have the Wii put on a back order. Nintendo can use live camera feeds to show how the game is played and enjoyed by gamers of all ages. The direct sales would however also mean that the consumer does not get to touch or see the product. The consumer might also want the product to be demonstrated before the purchase. For shortages during the holiday season, consumers should be provided a discount of $40 and sent a personalized gift card that could be provided to the future gift recipient. †¢Pros oThe product can be marketed to a larger market oSales and customer response can be tallied at any time oBackorders can be tracked Sales cost will be lower as the middleman retailer will not be required. oConsumers can provide online reviews oConsumers can track the shipping and availability of product †¢ Cons oWebsite for direct sales may not be up and ready in time for holiday season oConsumers cannot see a live demonstration oConsumers are not able to talk to a salesperson regarding their concerns oGlitches with Web site means lost sales oConsumers may face inconvenience if the product needs to be returned/repaired oDirect sales can potentially compete with Nintendo retailers and may upset them due to this competition . Pre-order Nintendo could start an incentive program where the consumers can pre-order the product well in advance of the holiday season. Wii demonstrations can be held on an ongoing basis at various retailers where interested gamers can have first- hand experience playing the games and then pre-order the console with the games. The company can offer discounts on pre-orders that are placed a few months before the holiday season. The consumer will have the peace of mind that the product will arrive on time and the company will know in advance about the production quotas.

Sexuality in Modern Times Essays

Sexuality in Modern Times Essays Sexuality in Modern Times Essay Sexuality in Modern Times Essay Sexuality in Modern Times BY Ivorys We as humans are sexual beings from the time we are born until the day we die. Sex is seen as intimately involved in Gods design for the universe, and as something profoundly important that involves a persons mind and spirit as well as body. On one hand it is perfectly natural for one to engage in sexual activities with a person of the opposite sex and on the other hand it is wrong to use in a naughty and unsafe way. From the Colonial times until the 19th century sex in America was defined as reproductive. In the beginning of the 19th century on until the 20th century sex became significant to many as a means of communication and intimacy. Sex in todays society is being used in the wrong way to express ones sexual desires. Unsafe sex is the number cause of Studs, Aids, and pregnancies which can potentially lead to abortions and cancer. As we develop into sexually expressive individuals we manifest into our sexual beings. When individuals use sex other than reproduction it is viewed as being naughty or unhealthy. Sex is a perfectly natural thing and should not be seen as wrong or shameful. I believe that back in the early days sex was being misused significantly as not for a means of conception but for torture and slavery. On the other hand I do think that sex when used for conception and intimate purposes is very natural, but when it is used for other purposes other than those reasons it can be seen as naughty and potentially dangerous.

Write problem set Speech or Presentation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Write problem set - Speech or Presentation Example this is because, the substitution effect changes. The quantity of capital is less with more wage rate In the long run, a decrease in the price of capital will lead to an increase in labor units. This is because the proportions have a substitution effect. The total effect will be less capital and more labor employment. a) According to the substitution effect, I would expect a company to have a high own wage elasticity of demand if the other factors of production such as capital can easily be used as substitutes for labor. This would make it easy for labor to be reduced or increased depending on its substitute’s quantities. b) If the product being produced in an industry has high price elasticity, then it means that the labor elasticity of demand will also be high. If an industry is producing coffee and the elasticity of demand for coffee keeps changing, then the own wage labor rate will also change relatively to the elasticity of demand of the product. c) When all the other factors of production have a high elasticity of demand, then it also means that the labor elasticity of demand will be high thus elastic. If a company’s capital demand keeps changing for example, then it means even labor demand will change as the two are co-related. A company will only be able to hire what it can pay for thus the elasticity. d) If the total cost of production of a company is highly contributed by labor, then the labor elasticity of demand will tend to be highly elastic. This is a scale effect that means that, the more labor in an industry contributes highly to more total costs in production, the more the company is likely to demand labor. If product cost is low for example and the company requires to spend less on production, they will cut on labor because it has the bigger percentage hence the

War on Terrorism Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

War on Terrorism - Research Paper Example The invasion of Afghanistan is seen as the first action of this war, and initially involved forces from the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Afghani Northern Alliance. Since the initial invasion period, these forces have been augmented by troops from Germany, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. In 2005-2006, Canadian forces there will be increased to over 2000 troops. Canada also supported coalition efforts in Operation Archer, Operation Apollo, Operation Altair, and Operation Athena as part of the ongoing support for Operation Enduring Freedom. The Canadian government, however, does not recognize Iraq as part of the informal network of support for the attacks of 9/11 and as such, has declined to send Forces to that theatre of operations, although scores of them are on assignment to US Forces - mostly assisting in AWACS operations. (Richard Miniter. October 2005) Support for the United States cooled when America made clear its determination to invade Iraq in late 2002. The United Kingdom, Italy, Spain, South Korea, Poland, and Australia joined the "coalition of the willing", unconditionally supporting U.S.-led military action. Other countries, including Canada, Germany, France, Pakistan, and New Zealand opposed military action and blocked American attempts to pass a UN resolution explicitly backing military action. Countries that did not participate in the invasion but who have made themselves parts of the reconstruction and peacekeeping efforts include Ukraine, the Netherlands, Denmark, and Romania. Many of the 'Coalition of the willing' countries also have sent troops to Afghanistan, particular neighboring Pakistan which has disowned its earlier support for the Taliban and contributed tens of thousands of soldiers to the conflict. Support for the "War on Terrorism": Supporters assert that democracy in traditionally authoritarian countries has a transformative power that will add to peace and stability. Supporters downplay civilian casualties by arguing that many who live near terrorist cells are likely to support them materially, although this would imply that western tax-payers should be considered legitimate targets by those opposing western military action. Some argue that war could act as a deterrent against terrorists, demonstrating to potential recruits that they would face certain retribution. This argument may hold less water in reference to suicide terrorism, or when terrorists expect to become martyrs, but can be argued to deter such attacks by weakening the logistical base which provides martyrs with explosives and points them toward effective targets. (Gary C. Schroen. May 2005) Some analysts argue that democracy in the Middle East will elevate Islamists, including radicals, who will use democratic institutions to gain power but then implement their autocratic agenda. Democracy can also lead to instability. In short, things may get worse before they get better, which may be bad news for the US. Many however believe that in the long run increased democratic governance or the break up of static autocracies will lead to a better outcome than the status quo even if the emerging governments initially oppose U.S. policies. Some furthermore argue that any type of somewhat democratic government would find more common ground with the U.S. than the existing ones even if rapprochement was gradual and difficult.

Report on Air Asia Essay Example for Free

Report on Air Asia Essay The route map of all the destinations covered by Air Asia and Air Asia X are also shown. Booking services Once the destinations are selected the flight times and the base prices will be displayed AirAsia GoAir Asia Go ensures customers to book flights and the hotel rooms in their preferred destinations at the click of the mouse. AirAsia Credit Cards With the Air Asia credit cards, each customer is entitled for great deals and discounts on selected flights and purchases from Air Asia. AirAsia Insure Air Asia has its own travel insurance, which is Air Asia Insure travel protection. AirAsia CourierWith Air Asia Courier, the courier rates are 50% lower than the nearest competitor prices. It has two main services, that is Delivery to Door and Airport to Airport services. AirAsia RedTix An online ticket service in which customers can buy tickets for upcoming sporting events, theatre shows, and many more. Air Asia RedTix partners with premier event organizers to bring customers the world of high class performances and entertainments. Red MegastoreA merchandise service from Air Asia in which you can browse and shop for exclusive merchandise from the comforts of your home. Exclusive Air Asia merchandise, collectibles, exclusive cosmetics and fragrances are available for customers to choose from. AirAsia. cafeThis is an in-flight experience that is specially tailored to cater to the needs of the customers’ needs and expectations. Food and Beverages, AirAsia Merchandise, and in flight entertainment. Figure: 8 Product Services of Air Asia (Accessed on 25th May 2010) http://www. redmegastore. com/webshaper/store/viewCat. asp 3. 0 Mega Environment Mega environment are the general condition outside an organization. Mega environment have 5 elements. These are Technological, Economic, Legal Political, Social culture and International. In this particular time our group will be explaining about Technological and Social Culture. 3. 1 Social/Culture Brand culture With the tagline ‘Now everyone can fly’, Air Asia’s philosophy of low fares is aimed to make flying affordable for everyone. Air Asia also aims at making travel easy, convenient and fun for its guests Malaysia is a multiracial country, boasting races of Malays, Chinese, Indians and others. Malaysia’s state religion is Islam, but people are free to choose their religion. Malay is the official language in Malaysia, as English is also widely used. Fernandess management style to build on the basis of culture, creating a strong brand, and using his own unique way. He stressed that the departments are closely linked, and also the importance of distinguishing. He explained in the aviation industry, The pilots think they are God, and also the engineers as these are very important people. † Air Asias philosophy is: not only affordable flights, but also interesting and fun experience in each flight.

Symmetrical Communication Essay -- Business, Win-Win Solutions

Introduction This essay will argue for an extended role for dialogue and relational communication in public relations practice. The rhetorical turn that public relations has taken over the last ten years as well as the expanded role that public relations practitioners need to play as organizational counsellors is discussed. Several case studies are examined and used to support the arguments for an expanded role of public relations advocacy and management. Body Effective definition of symmetrical communication Grunig and Hunt (1984) defined symmetrical communication as† the management of communication between organizations and its publics† (p. 6). Symmetrical communication is interactive behaviour in which two or more systems construct thoughts and attitudes together so that they behave in ways that are either â€Å"collaborative or symbiotic† (Grunig, 1989. P. 13). Explanation of symmetrical communication The symmetrical communication is important because it concerns the degree to which the organization adapts to or cooperates with its environment (Grunig 1984). The purpose of symmetrical communication is to adjust the relationship between the organization and its environment. With symmetrical communication publics can change organization and organization can change publics. This form of external communication can form and improve relationships because it involves â€Å"creating a sense of openness, trust, and understanding between the organization and the key public, as well as a willingness to negotiate, collaborate, and mediate solutions to issues of concern to both the organization and critical publics† (Bruning &Ledingam 1999: 158). Symmetrical communication serves as a tool for negotiation and compromise, a... ...s, 1990). The communication style of organizational members (such as grocery store cashiers) can affect the attitudes of persons outside of the organization. If the effect is positive, those persons become more willing to tell others about the service, such as recommending a grocery store. Even though the service is courteous, however, customers are not significantly more likely to do other favours, such as purchase more products (Ford, 1995). In remember that organizations attempt to assimilate into the values, institutions, and expectations of society at large. Organizations attempt to get people who are not its members to support its goals, whether to buy products, donate funds, support public education, or whatever. Organizations are not likely to last long if they attempt to stand alone and are ignorant of or unresponsive to their environment. Symmetrical Communication Essay -- Business, Win-Win Solutions Introduction This essay will argue for an extended role for dialogue and relational communication in public relations practice. The rhetorical turn that public relations has taken over the last ten years as well as the expanded role that public relations practitioners need to play as organizational counsellors is discussed. Several case studies are examined and used to support the arguments for an expanded role of public relations advocacy and management. Body Effective definition of symmetrical communication Grunig and Hunt (1984) defined symmetrical communication as† the management of communication between organizations and its publics† (p. 6). Symmetrical communication is interactive behaviour in which two or more systems construct thoughts and attitudes together so that they behave in ways that are either â€Å"collaborative or symbiotic† (Grunig, 1989. P. 13). Explanation of symmetrical communication The symmetrical communication is important because it concerns the degree to which the organization adapts to or cooperates with its environment (Grunig 1984). The purpose of symmetrical communication is to adjust the relationship between the organization and its environment. With symmetrical communication publics can change organization and organization can change publics. This form of external communication can form and improve relationships because it involves â€Å"creating a sense of openness, trust, and understanding between the organization and the key public, as well as a willingness to negotiate, collaborate, and mediate solutions to issues of concern to both the organization and critical publics† (Bruning &Ledingam 1999: 158). Symmetrical communication serves as a tool for negotiation and compromise, a... ...s, 1990). The communication style of organizational members (such as grocery store cashiers) can affect the attitudes of persons outside of the organization. If the effect is positive, those persons become more willing to tell others about the service, such as recommending a grocery store. Even though the service is courteous, however, customers are not significantly more likely to do other favours, such as purchase more products (Ford, 1995). In remember that organizations attempt to assimilate into the values, institutions, and expectations of society at large. Organizations attempt to get people who are not its members to support its goals, whether to buy products, donate funds, support public education, or whatever. Organizations are not likely to last long if they attempt to stand alone and are ignorant of or unresponsive to their environment.

Employment and Line Management Essay

†¢1.1 Communication is a vital thing in the workshop, it is very important so that jobs are done productively and correctly. If the communication in the workshop was poor mistakes would Begin to take place and accidents could occur. †¢1.2 The different methods of communication to the line management and colleagues are by talking to one another, team meetings, by telephone and even letters. In busy circumstances its best to use the telephone as its time efficient instead of wondering around searching for people. †¢1.3 The different methods of communication to my and colleagues are by talking to one another, team meetings, by telephone, letters and even hand signals. These are all helpful in different circumstances such as when its extremely noisy in the workshop and a person is on the other side of the workshop, hand signals would be best in that situation. †¢2.1 To plan my sequence of work from the relevant information I am given I find out what materials I require, what tools I need to assist me through the job and what PPE I need to protect me from the dangers. †¢2.2 When starting a new job I firstly look for any mistakes in the drawing, once I am satisfied I then carry on by finding out what materials I require to complete the job and then finally retrieve all of my tools that I need to assist me through the work process until I complete the job. †¢2.3 Work is carried out to the workshop using job plans, risk assessments and all other procedures. The resources that I use are job sheets, shop plans, time sheets and drawings. To reduce carbon emissions, there is an extraction system installed into the workshop. †¢2.4 The way our workshop contributes to a low carbon emission environment is that we have extraction systems built throughout the workshop to keep the emission levels at a low level. †¢3.1 The required relevant documentation that I provide is my time sheet. It shows the amount of hours I have spent on a job so that the consultants can then get a price to give to the customers. †¢3.2 I maintain my drawings and time sheets by keeping them in a locked draw. Time sheets are required to be filled in and complete every week and has to be submitted on a Monday morning before 8:00am. †¢3.3 If I do not ensure that my time sheets are not handed in on time, I will not get paid at the end of the week. With my job sheets, if it’s not complete within the given hours the customer has to pay more as the labour cost raises. †¢4.1 I am very able to work productively to the agreed specification and inline with the line management, colleagues and relevant people involved by finding out if they are pleased with the work produced and the quality. †¢4.2 I find that everyone is equal and that no one should be treated different. People tend to treat apprentices with less respect than others as they are not qualified and think they are not capable. Apprentice or not, people should not be treated different. †¢4.3 To maintain a good working relationship in my place of work I do the work that is asked of me and in the required time and in a good quality. With individuals I get on with them by being polite and cleaning after myself. †¢4.4 I think it’s good to keep a good working relation ship with the line management and colleagues as it doesn’t make it a challenge to talk to them or ask them for any information that is required. †¢4.5 Getting on with the line management and other working colleagues is important because it can make your time there difficult and non bearable. It also doesn’t make it a challenge when needing to ask for information or a specification. †¢4.6 When working with others you must never treat them any different than you would like to be treated. You should never talk down to people or think of them as lower than you.